Chapter 5 Crossword

The process in which our sensory receptors and nervous systems recieve and represent stimulus energies from our enviornment
The process by which our brain organizes and interprets sensory information, transforming it into meaningful objects and events
Analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information.
Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we constuct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations
Changing one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells into neural impules our brain can interpret.
The minimum stimulus energy needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time
Below a person's absolute threshold for conscious awareness
The minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time. We experience this as a just noticeable difference (or jnd).
Activating, often unconsciously, associations in our minds, thus setting us up to perceive, remember or respond to objects or events in certain ways.
The principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount)
Reduced sensitivity in response to constant stimulation
A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
The distance from the peak of one light wave or sound wave to the peak of the next
The dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as color names blue, green, etc.
The amount of energy in a light wave or sound wave, which influences what we perceive as brightness or loudness. It is determined by the wave’s amplitude (height).
The light-sensitivity inner surface of the eye; contains the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.
Retinal receptors that detect black, white, and grey, and are sensitive to movement; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don’t respond.
Retinal receptors that are concentrated near the center of the retina; in daylight or well-lit conditions, cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations
The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain
The point at which the optical nerve leaves the eye; this part of the retina is “blind” because it has no receptor cells
The theory that the retina contains three different types of color receptors (red, green, and blue); when stimulated in combination, these receptors can produce the perception of any color
The theory that opposing retinal processing enable color vision
Nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of stimulus, such as shape, angles, or movement
Processing many aspects of problem or scene at the same time; the brain natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision.
An organized whole. To integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes.
The organization of the vision field into objects that stand out from there surrounding The organization of the vision field into objects that stand out from there surrounding
The perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into meaningful groups
The ability to see objects in three dimensions, although the images that strike the retina are two dimensional; allows us to judge distance.
A laboratory device for testing death perception in infants and young animals
A depth cue, such as retinal disparity, that depends on the use of two eyes.
A binocular cue for perceiving death. By comparing images from the two eyes, the brain computes distance- the greater the disparity between tow images, the closer the object.