Description

Consists of faculative anaerobes that are found in the mouth and throat of humans and animals.
They are common in soil, and only a few are pathogenic to humans.
Live in the human intestinal tract in numbers approaching 1 billion per gram of feces.
The rod-shaped cells contain endospores that usually distend the cell.
Tend to be pleomorphic, their morphology varies with the age of the cells.
Are adapted to areas of the body that are rich in nutrients but low in oxygen.
Species are primarily plant pathogens.
Causes nitrogen-fixing nodules to form in alder tree roots.
Has been identified as the most common cause of peptic ulcers in humans and a cause of stomach cancer.
Are used in the production of sauerkraut, pickles, buttermilk, and yogurt.
Can contaminate food, especially dairy products.
Are aerobic, non-endospore-forming rods.
Can produce filaments that resemble fungi.
Morphologically resembles Actinomyces; however, these bacteria are aerobic.
Is derived from the organism's ability to form propionic acid.
Bacteria growing on agar exhibit a swarming type of growth.
A bacterial species distinguished by its production of red pigment.
Typically occur in grapelike clusters.
Are spherical, gram-positive bacteria that typically appear in chains.
Produce a gaseous compound called geosmin, which gives fresh soil its typical musty odor.

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Chapter 11

Crossword

Cell Structures

Crossword

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a crossword?

Crossword puzzles have been published in newspapers and other publications since 1873. They consist of a grid of squares where the player aims to write words both horizontally and vertically.

Next to the crossword will be a series of questions or clues, which relate to the various rows or lines of boxes in the crossword. The player reads the question or clue, and tries to find a word that answers the question in the same amount of letters as there are boxes in the related crossword row or line.

Some of the words will share letters, so will need to match up with each other. The words can vary in length and complexity, as can the clues.

Who is a crossword suitable for?

The fantastic thing about crosswords is, they are completely flexible for whatever age or reading level you need. You can use many words to create a complex crossword for adults, or just a couple of words for younger children.

Crosswords can use any word you like, big or small, so there are literally countless combinations that you can create for templates. It is easy to customise the template to the age or learning level of your students.

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How do I choose the clues for my crossword?

Once you’ve picked a theme, choose clues that match your students current difficulty level. For younger children, this may be as simple as a question of “What color is the sky?” with an answer of “blue”.

Are crosswords good for students?

Crosswords are a great exercise for students' problem solving and cognitive abilities. Not only do they need to solve a clue and think of the correct answer, but they also have to consider all of the other words in the crossword to make sure the words fit together.

Crosswords are great for building and using vocabulary.

If this is your first time using a crossword with your students, you could create a crossword FAQ template for them to give them the basic instructions.

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Can I create crosswords in other languages?

Crosswords are a fantastic resource for students learning a foreign language as they test their reading, comprehension and writing all at the same time. When learning a new language, this type of test using multiple different skills is great to solidify students' learning.

We have full support for crossword templates in languages such as Spanish, French and Japanese with diacritics including over 100,000 images, so you can create an entire crossword in your target language including all of the titles, and clues.