Chap 5 Terminology Crossword

The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.
The part of an enzyme where a substrate molecule attaches; typically, a pocket or groove on the enzyme’s surface.
The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration gradient, aided by specific transport proteins and requiring an input of energy (often as ATP).
A transport protein in the plasma membrane of an animal, plant, or microorganism cell that facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane (osmosis).
Adenosine triphosphate, the main energy source for cells. ATP releases energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed.
The random movement of particles that results in the net movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from a region where it is more concentrated to a region where it is less concentrated.
An energy-requiring chemical reaction, which yields products with more potential energy than the reactants.
Cellular uptake of molecules or particles via formation of new vesicles from the plasma membrane.
In cellular metabolism, the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
An energy-releasing chemical reaction in which the reactants contain more potential energy than the products.
The movement of materials out of a cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
The passage of a substance through a specific transport protein across a biological membrane down its concentration gradient.
Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to lose water.
Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to take up water.
Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, causes no net movement of water into or out of the cell.
The diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane.
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane, with no expenditure of energy.
Cellular “eating”; a type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs macromolecules, other cells, or particles into its cytoplasm.
The transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a molecule. Nearly all cellular work depends on ATP energizing other molecules by phosphorylation.
The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the infolding of vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in.