chapter 2 mostly Crossword

approach to the study of psychopathology that holds psychological disorders as always being the product of multiple interacting causal factors
long DNA molecules, the basic building blocks of heredity that appear as locations or chromosomes
hypothesis that both an inherited tendency (vulnerability) and specific stressful conditions are required to produce a disorder (no spaces)
susceptibility or tendency to develop a disorder
model that says that people with a genetic predisposition for a disorder may also have a genetic tendency tp create environmental risk factors that promote the disorder (no spaces)
the study of factors other than inherited DNA sequence, such as new learning or stress, that alter the phenotypic expression of genes
study of the nervous system and its role in behavior, thoughts and emotions
individual nerve cell, responsible for transmitting information
short periods of electrical activity at the membrane of a neuron, responsible for the transmission of signals within a neuron
The end of an axon (of a neuron) where neurotransmitters are stored before release.
Space between nerve cells where chemical transmitters act to move impulses from one neuron to the next.
Chemicals that cross the synaptic cleft between nerve cells to transmit impulses from one neuron to the next
Causing excitation. Activating.
Causing inhibition. Suppressing.
Chemical messenger produced by the endocrine glands
Neurotransmitter currents or neural pathways in the brain.
Chemical substance that effectively increases the activity of a neurotransmitter by imitating its effects.
In neuroscience, a chemical substance that decreases or blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter.
Chemical substance that produces effects opposite those of a particular neurotransmitter.
Action by which a neurotransmitter is quickly drawn back into the discharging neuron after being released into a synaptic cleft.
Amino acid neurotransmitter that excites many different neurons, leading to action.
Neurotransmitter that reduces activity across the synapse and thus inhibits a range of behaviors and emotions, especially generalized anxiety.
involved in processing of information and coordination of movement, as well as inhibition and restraint. It also assists in the regulation of eating, sexual, and aggressive behaviors
Neurotransmitter active in the central and peripheral nervous systems, controlling heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, among other functions. Because of its role in the body’s alarm reaction, it may also contribute generally and indirectly to panic attacks and other disorders.
neurotransmitter whose generalized function is to activate other neurotransmitters and to aid in exploratory and pleasure seeking behaviors (thus balancing serotonin).
Field of study that examines how humans and other animals acquire, process, store, and retrieve information.
Martin Seligman’s theory that people become anxious and depressed when they make an attribution that they have no control over the stress in their lives (whether or not they do in reality).
(also known as observational learning) Learning through observation and imitation of the behavior of other individuals and consequences of that behavior.
An ability that has been adaptive for evolution, allowing certain associations to be learned more readily than others.
Condition of memory in which a person cannot recall past events despite acting in response to them (contrast with explicit memory).
Biological reaction to alarming stressors that musters the body’s resources (for example, blood flow and respiration) to resist or flee a threat.
Pattern of action elicited by an external event and a feeling state, accompanied by a characteristic physiological response.
Enduring period of emotionality.
Conscious, subjective aspect of an emotion that accompanies an action at a given time.