Anesthetics Crossword

During this stage, the patient often appears to be delirious and excited but definitely is amnesic.
This drug is an extremely popular intravenous anesthetic whose onset of action is similar to that of IV barbiturates.
____________ are analgesic agents and are distinct from general anesthetics and hypnotics.
During this stage, the patient initially experiences analgesia without amnesia. Later in stage I, both analgesia and amnesia are produced.
This drug produces dissociative anesthesia, which is characterized by catatonia, amnesia, and analgesia, with or without actual loss of consciousness
A short-acting barbiturate commonly used for induction of anesthesia
A benzodiazepine antagonist that is sometimes used to accelerate recovery from excessive sedative actions of intravenous benzodiazepines.
It is a carboxylated imidazole that can be used for induction of anesthesia in patients with limited cardiovascular reserve.
__________ is a water-soluble prodrug of propofol, chemically described as 2,6-diisopropylphenoxymethyl phosphate disodium salt, that was licensed by the FDA as a sedating agent for use in adult patients during monitored anesthesia care.
Is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of skeletal muscle that occurs in susceptible individuals undergoing general anesthesia with inhaled agents and muscle relaxants
Is the standard of comparison for inhaled anesthetics.
Source of cocaine
The easiest anesthetic end point to measure which is mediated primarily by neural inhibition within the spinal cord.
It was introduced into clinical use by Koller in 1884 as an ophthalmic anesthetic.
Is another newer local anesthetic that has clinical effects similar to those of bupivacaine but may be associated with a lower potential for cardiovascular toxicity.
__________________ is the active S -enantiomer of medetomidine, a highly selective α 2 adrenergic agonist imidazole derivative that is used in veterinary medicine.
______________ are most commonly used for preoperative medication, intravenous sedation, and suppression of seizure activity
_______________ sedation refers to drug-induced alleviation of anxiety and pain in combination with an altered level of consciousness associated with the use of smaller doses of sedative medications.
Lidocaine and prilocaine can combine to form a eutectic mixture, which is marketed as ___________
This drug has the highest clearance of the amino-amide anesthetics, imparting reduced risk of systemic toxicity.
______________ is unique among the amino-amide anesthetics in having a thiophene, rather than a benzene ring, as well as an additional ester group that is subject to metabolism by plasma esterases.
_____________ sedation is similar to a light state of general (intravenous) anesthesia involving decreased consciousness from which the patient is not easily aroused.
________________ produce dose-dependent CNS depression ranging from sedation to general anesthesia when administered as bolus injections.
__________________ anesthetics are widely used to facilitate rapid induction of anesthesia and have replaced inhalation as the preferred method of anesthesia induction in most settings except for pediatric anesthesia.
_______________ depression is a deep stage of anesthesia which represents severe depression of the CNS, including the vasomotor center in the medulla and respiratory center in the brainstem.
_______ occurs even at modest doses of anesthetic, and has been documented in as many as one third of patients receiving lidocaine, with increased risk associated with certain patient positions during surgery (eg, lithotomy), and with ambulatory anesthesia.
Introduced along with bupivacaine but has limited application due to its poor block characteristics.
This involves placing a catheter in the subarachnoid space to permit repetitive dosing to facilitate adequate anesthesia and maintenance of block for extended periods.
The primary active metabolite of ketamine
_____________ had a more favorable duration of action than procaine, and less systemic toxicity than tetracaine.