Description

First area of Spanish exploration and settlement; served as experimental region for nature of Spanish colonial experience; encomienda system of colonial management initiated here.
First island in Caribbean settled by Spaniards; settlement founded by Columbus on second voyage to New World; Spanish base of operations for further discoveries in New World.
Grant of Indian laborers made to Spanish conquerors and settlers in Mesoamerica and South America; basis for earilest forms of coerced labor in Spanish colonies.
The holder of a grant of Indians who were required to pay a tribute or provide labor. The encomendro was responsible for their integration into the church.
Capital of New Spain; built on ruins of Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan.
Spanish colonial administrative unit including Central America, Mexico, and southeast and southwest of the present-day United States.
Labor extracted for lands assigned to the state and the-religion; all communities were expected to contribute; an essential aspect of Inca imperical control.
Mine located in upper Peru (modern Bolivia); largest of New World silver mines; produced 80 percent of all Peruvian silver.
Location of greatest deposit of mercury in South America; aided in American silver production; linked with Potosi.
Rural estatesin Spanish colonies in New World; produced agricultural products for consumers in America; basis of wealth and power for local aristocracy.
Merchant guild of Seville; enjoyed virtual monopoly rights over goods shipped to ­America and handled much of the silver received in return.
Large, heavily armed ships used to carry silver from New World colonies to Spain; basis for convoy system utilized by Spain for ­transportation of bullion.
Signed in 1494 between Castile and Portugal; clarified spheres of influence and rights of possession in New World; reserved Brazil and all newly discovered lands east of Brazil to Portugal; granted all lands west of Brazil to Spain.
University-trained ­lawyers from Spain in the New World; juridical core of Spanish colonial bureaucracy; exercised both ­legislative and administrative functions.
Body of laws collected in 1681 for Spanish possessions in New World; basis of law in the Indies.
Body within the Castilian government that issued all laws and advised king on all ­matters dealing with the Spanish colonies of the New World.
Two major divisions of Spanish colonies in New World; one based in Lima; the other in Mexico City; direct representatives of the king.
Senior government ­officials in Spanish America; ruled as direct representative of the king over the principal administrative units or viceroyalties; usually high-ranking Spanish nobles with previous ­military or governmental experience. The Portuguese also used viceroys who resided in Goa for their ­possessions in the Indian Ocean, and then after the mid Seventeenth century for their colony in Brazil.
Royal court of appeals established in Spanish colonies of New World; there were 16 ­throughout Spanish America; part of colonial administrative system; staffed by professional magistrates.
Strips of land along Brazilian coast granted to minor Portuguese nobles for development; enjoyed limited success in developing the colony.
Backwoodsmen from São Paulo in Brazil; penetrated Brazilian interior in search of precious metals and slaves during 17th century.
Region of Brazil located in mountainous interior where gold strikes were discovered in 1695; became location for gold rush.
Brazilian port; close to mines of Minas Gerais; importance grew with gold strikes; became ­colonial capital in 1763.
American social system based on racial ­origins; Europeans or whites at top, black slaves or Native Americans at ­bottom, mixed races in middle.
People living in the New World Spanish colonies but born in Spain.
Whites born in the New World; dominated local Latin American economies and ranked just beneath peninsulares.
Clubs and ­associations dedicated to ­improvements and reform in ­Spanish colonies; flourished during the 18th century; called for material ­improvements rather than political reform.
Resulted from Bourbon family’s succession to Spanish throne in 1701; ended by Treaty of Utrecht in 1713; resulted in recognition of Bourbons, loss of some lands, grants of commercial rights to English and French.
One of popular revolts against Spanish colonial rule in New Granada (Colombia) in 1781; suppressed as a result of divisions among rebels.

Customize
Add, edit, delete clues, and customize this puzzle.

Vocab

Crossword

Chapter 19 Terms

Crossword

November Fun Facts

Crossword

Forgot Your Phone?

Crossword

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a crossword?

Crossword puzzles have been published in newspapers and other publications since 1873. They consist of a grid of squares where the player aims to write words both horizontally and vertically.

Next to the crossword will be a series of questions or clues, which relate to the various rows or lines of boxes in the crossword. The player reads the question or clue, and tries to find a word that answers the question in the same amount of letters as there are boxes in the related crossword row or line.

Some of the words will share letters, so will need to match up with each other. The words can vary in length and complexity, as can the clues.

Who is a crossword suitable for?

The fantastic thing about crosswords is, they are completely flexible for whatever age or reading level you need. You can use many words to create a complex crossword for adults, or just a couple of words for younger children.

Crosswords can use any word you like, big or small, so there are literally countless combinations that you can create for templates. It is easy to customise the template to the age or learning level of your students.

How do I create a crossword template?

For the easiest crossword templates, WordMint is the way to go!

Pre-made templates

For a quick and easy pre-made template, simply search through WordMint’s existing 500,000+ templates. With so many to choose from, you’re bound to find the right one for you!

Create your own from scratch

  • Log in to your account (it’s free to join!)
  • Head to ‘My Puzzles’
  • Click ‘Create New Puzzle’ and select ‘Crossword’
  • Select your layout, enter your title and your chosen clues and answers
  • That’s it! The template builder will create your crossword template for you and you can save it to your account, export as a word document or pdf and print!

How do I choose the clues for my crossword?

Once you’ve picked a theme, choose clues that match your students current difficulty level. For younger children, this may be as simple as a question of “What color is the sky?” with an answer of “blue”.

Are crosswords good for students?

Crosswords are a great exercise for students' problem solving and cognitive abilities. Not only do they need to solve a clue and think of the correct answer, but they also have to consider all of the other words in the crossword to make sure the words fit together.

Crosswords are great for building and using vocabulary.

If this is your first time using a crossword with your students, you could create a crossword FAQ template for them to give them the basic instructions.

Can I print my crossword template?

All of our templates can be exported into Microsoft Word to easily print, or you can save your work as a PDF to print for the entire class. Your puzzles get saved into your account for easy access and printing in the future, so you don’t need to worry about saving them at work or at home!

Can I create crosswords in other languages?

Crosswords are a fantastic resource for students learning a foreign language as they test their reading, comprehension and writing all at the same time. When learning a new language, this type of test using multiple different skills is great to solidify students' learning.

We have full support for crossword templates in languages such as Spanish, French and Japanese with diacritics including over 100,000 images, so you can create an entire crossword in your target language including all of the titles, and clues.